Calcipotriene Ointment: The Psoriasis Treatment You Need to Know About

Calcipotriene is a prescription medication used topically to treat psoriasis, a chronic skin condition characterized by rapid skin cell growth, leading to scaly patches. It is a synthetic form of vitamin D, designed to slow down this excessive cell growth.

• Drug class: Vitamin D analog
• Brands:
  Calcitrene (ointment)
  Dovonex (cream, ointment, and topical solution)
  Sorilux (foam)

How It Works

Calcipotriene works by slowing down the excessive growth of skin cells, which is the main problem in psoriasis. When this synthetic form of vitamin D is applied to the skin, it helps control the overactive immune response that causes skin cells to multiply too quickly. By doing this, calcipotriene reduces the formation of thick, scaly patches, making the skin look and feel more normal.

Calcipotriene is used to treat:

• Plaque psoriasis: A skin condition where your immune system causes skin cells to build up too quickly, leading to thick, red patches covered with silvery scales. These patches, or "plaques," are often itchy, dry, and can appear anywhere on your body, but are most commonly found on the elbows, knees, and lower back.
• Scalp psoriasis: A form of plaque psoriasis that affects your scalp. It causes similar red, scaly patches, but these can be hidden under your hair. It may lead to itching, flaking, and even hair loss in some cases if left untreated.

Dosing and Administration

Calcipotriene is available in various topical forms, including solutions, foams, creams, and ointments. It is typically available in a 0.005% strength.

It is generally applied once or twice daily. The duration of treatment depends on individual response and the severity of the condition. Many patients notice improvement within 2 to 8 weeks of consistent use. It's important to follow your healthcare provider's instructions regarding the duration of treatment, as it may require ongoing use to prevent flare-ups.

Remember to limit sun exposure to treated areas, as calcipotriene can increase sensitivity to sunlight.

Topical Solution (for Scalp Psoriasis)

• Wash Hands: Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before and after use.
• Part Hair: Part your hair to expose the affected areas of the scalp.
• Apply Solution: Apply a thin layer of solution directly to the affected scalp skin.
• Massage: Gently massage the solution into the scalp until absorbed.
• Avoid Washing: Do not wash your hair immediately after application. Wait a few hours or as directed by your doctor.
• Avoid Contact: Avoid contact with the face, eyes, or mouth. If contact occurs, rinse thoroughly with water.
• Fire Hazard: Avoid using near heat, open flames, or while smoking, as the medication is flammable.

Foam

• Wash Hands: Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before and after use.
• Dispense Foam: Hold the can upright and dispense a small amount of foam onto your fingertips.
• Apply Foam: Apply the foam to the affected skin, spreading it gently.
• Fire Hazard: Avoid using near heat, open flames, or while smoking, as the medication is flammable.

Cream

• Wash Hands: Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before and after use.
• Apply Cream: Apply a thin layer of cream to the affected skin and rub it gently.
• Wash Hands: Wash your hands immediately after application, unless treating hands.
• Avoid Face and Eyes: Avoid applying the cream to your face or eyes.

Ointment

• Wash Hands: Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before and after use.
• Apply Ointment: Apply a thin film of ointment to the affected skin and rub it in gently.
• Avoid Bandaging: Do not cover the treated area with a bandage unless instructed by your doctor.
• Avoid Sensitive Areas: Avoid applying to thin-skinned areas like the face or genital areas, unless directed.
• Wash Hands: Wash your hands after application to prevent spreading the medication.

Missed Dose

If you miss a dose of calcipotriene, apply it as soon as you remember. However, if it's almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for the missed one, as overuse can increase the risk of side effects.  

Safety and Side Effects

Common side effects:

• Skin irritation or pain, including redness, itching, dryness, or peeling of the skin may occur at the application site.
• Burning or stinging sensation. Temporary discomfort is common, especially when starting treatment.
• Rash.
• Exacerbating psoriasis.
• Elevated levels of calcium in your blood.

Serious side effects:

• Hypercalcemia: Due to calcipotriene's vitamin D analog nature, overuse can lead to elevated blood calcium levels. Symptoms of hypercalcemia include nausea, vomiting, constipation, weakness, and confusion.
• Severe Skin Irritation: In rare cases, the skin may become severely irritated, necessitating discontinuation of the medication.

If you experience persistent or worsening side effects, consult your healthcare provider immediately.

Warnings

• Sun Sensitivity: Limit sun exposure and avoid tanning beds while using calcipotriene, as it can increase skin sensitivity to sunlight, leading to sunburn or irritation.
• Overdose: While rare with topical use, overdose can occur if excessive amounts are applied or used for extended periods. This can lead to elevated blood calcium levels, causing serious health issues. Symptoms of overdose include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, excessive thirst, frequent urination, muscle weakness, fatigue, and confusion. If you suspect overdose, stop using the medication and seek immediate medical attention.

Contraindications

Calcipotriene should not be used by individuals with:

• Known hypersensitivity or allergy to calcipotriene or its components
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding, unless prescribed by a healthcare provider
• Hypercalcemia or elevated blood calcium levels

Consult Your Doctor

Before using calcipotriene, consult your doctor to determine if it's safe and effective for you. Your doctor can provide guidance on proper usage and monitor for potential side effects.